General knowledge of Himachal Pradesh

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Basic Facts

Capital: Shimla (Summer) and Dharamshala (Winter)

Founded: January 25, 1971 (became the 18th state of India)

Governor: Shiv Pratap Shukla (as of 2025)

Chief Minister: Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu (as of 2025)

State Language: Hindi

Literacy Rate: Around 83%

Districts: 12 (including Kangra, Mandi, Shimla, Kullu, Solan, etc.)

Geography

Location: Northern India, in the western Himalayas

Borders: Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Uttarakhand, and Tibet (China)

Major Rivers: Satluj, Beas, Ravi, Chenab, Yamuna

Climate: Varies from subtropical in lower areas to alpine in the higher reaches

Culture & Heritage

Popular Dances: Nati, Kinnauri, Chham

Fairs & Festivals: Dussehra (Kullu), Shivratri (Mandi), Minjar (Chamba)

Traditional Dress: Woolen attire, often with colorful caps (especially Kullu topi)

Tourism Highlights

Hill Stations: Shimla, Manali, Dalhousie, Dharamshala

Adventure Sports: Skiing (Solang Valley), Paragliding (Bir-Billing), Trekking, River Rafting

Spiritual Sites: Hidimba Devi Temple, Baijnath Temple, Tabo Monastery, Bhimakali Temple

Economy

Main Sectors: Agriculture, Horticulture (especially apples), Hydropower, Tourism

Famous Products: Apples, wool, handicrafts, Kangra tea

1. Historical Facts

Himachal Pradesh was formed as a Union Territory in 1948 after merging 30 princely states.

Became a full-fledged state on January 25, 1971, under the Himachal Pradesh State Act.

Known as the "Dev Bhoomi" (Land of the Gods) due to the large number of temples and spiritual sites.

2. Important Places

Kullu-Manali: Famous for its natural beauty, snow, and adventure sports.

Dharamshala: Headquarters of the Tibetan government-in-exile; home to the Dalai Lama.

Chamba: Known for its historical temples and the Minjar Fair.

Spiti Valley: A cold desert area, known for monasteries like Key and Tabo.

Kinnaur: Known for the scenic Kinnaur Kailash mountain and apples.

3. Famous People

Yami Gautam: Bollywood actress from Bilaspur.

Anupam Kher: Veteran actor, originally from Shimla.

Prem Kumar Dhumal & Virbhadra Singh: Former Chief Ministers with strong political legacies.

4. Symbols

State Animal: Snow Leopard

State Bird: Western Tragopan (Jujurana)

State Tree: Deodar Cedar

State Flower: Pink Rhododendron (Buransh)

5. Education and Institutes

Himachal Pradesh University: Located in Shimla.

IIT Mandi: Premier engineering institute.

NIT Hamirpur: Another prestigious technical institute.

Dr. Y.S. Parmar University: Famous for horticulture and forestry in Solan.

6. Interesting Facts

Shimla was the summer capital of British India.

The Kalka–Shimla railway is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Himachal has the highest road density among hill states of India.

Home to Asia’s oldest democracy: Malana village in Kullu district.


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