Central Government schemes of India.

The Government of India implements a wide array of central schemes aimed at promoting social welfare, economic development, and inclusive growth. These schemes span various sectors, including agriculture, health, education, employment, and infrastructure. Below is an organized overview of key central government schemes as of 2025:

🇮🇳 Major Central Government Schemes by Sector

🧑‍🌾 Agriculture & Rural Development

Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN): Provides income support of ₹6,000 per year to eligible farmers.

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY): Aims to develop agriculture and allied sectors by providing financial assistance to states.

National Mission on Natural Farming: Promotes sustainable and chemical-free farming practices.

Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY): Offers crop insurance to farmers against natural calamities.

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA): Guarantees 100 days of wage employment per year to rural households.  

🏥 Health & Nutrition

Ayushman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY): Provides health insurance coverage up to ₹5 lakh per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization.

Poshan Abhiyaan (Nutrition Mission): Targets malnutrition among children, pregnant women, and lactating mothers.

Saksham Anganwadi and Poshan 2.0: Integrates supplementary nutrition services and early childhood care.

National Health Mission (NHM): Strengthens healthcare systems in rural and urban areas. 

🏠 Housing & Urban Development

Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY):

Urban: Aims to provide affordable housing to urban poor.

Gramin: Targets housing for the rural poor.

Smart Cities Mission: Develops 100 cities to make them citizen-friendly and sustainable.

Swachh Bharat Mission: Focuses on sanitation and elimination of open defecation. 

🎓 Education & Skill Development

PM SHRI Schools (PM Schools for Rising India): Upgrades existing schools to showcase all components of the National Education Policy.

PM YASASVI (Young Achievers Scholarship Award Scheme for Vibrant India): Provides scholarships to OBC, EBC, and DNT students.

National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS): Encourages apprenticeship training and provides financial support to establishments. 

💼 Employment & Entrepreneurship

Startup India Scheme: Supports startups through funding, tax exemptions, and ease of doing business initiatives.

Stand Up India Scheme: Facilitates bank loans between ₹10 lakh and ₹1 crore to SC/ST and women entrepreneurs.

Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY): Provides micro-finance to non-corporate, non-farm small/micro enterprises. 

👩‍👧 Women & Child Welfare

Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY): Offers financial assistance to pregnant and lactating women for wage loss compensation.

Samarthya Scheme: Encompasses various initiatives for women's empowerment, including shelter homes and skill development.

Ujjwala Yojana: Provides LPG connections to women from Below Poverty Line (BPL) households. 

🧑‍🎓 Social Justice & Empowerment

National Fellowship for OBC Students (NF-OBC): Offers financial assistance for higher education to OBC students.

Post Matric Scholarship for SCs: Provides scholarships to SC students pursuing post-secondary education.

PM Anusuchit Jaati Abhyuday Yojana (PM-AJAY): Aims at the socio-economic development of Scheduled Castes. 

🏭 Industry & Infrastructure

Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Schemes: Encourage domestic manufacturing in various sectors by providing financial incentives.

National Industrial Corridor Development Programme: Develops industrial corridors to boost infrastructure and economic growth.

Urea Subsidy Scheme: Provides subsidies to ensure the availability of urea to farmers at affordable prices. 

Central Government Schemes for Girl Child

1. Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP)

Launched: 2015

Objective: Address declining child sex ratio and promote girl child education and empowerment.

Features:

Awareness campaigns against gender-based abortions.

Encouragement of girl child education.

Community mobilization to challenge gender stereotypes.

Implemented collaboratively by the Ministries of Women & Child Development, Health & Family Welfare, and Education.  

2. Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana (SSY)

Launched: 2015

Objective: Encourage savings for the girl child's future education and marriage expenses.

Features:

Account can be opened for girls below 10 years.

Offers higher interest rates (currently around 8.2% per annum).

Tax benefits under Section 80C of the Income Tax Act.

Maturity period of 21 years from the date of account opening.  

3. Balika Samriddhi Yojana

Launched: 1997

Objective: Improve the status of the girl child and delay the age of marriage.

Features:

Provides a post-birth grant of ₹500.

Annual scholarships ranging from ₹300 to ₹1,000 for school-going girls up to class 10.

Applicable to girls from families below the poverty line.  

4. CBSE Udaan Scheme

Objective: Support meritorious girl students in pursuing higher education in engineering and technical fields.

Features:

Free online resources and virtual classes for girls in classes 11 and 12.

Mentoring and support for entrance examinations.

Eligibility includes a minimum of 70% marks in class 10 and 80% in Science and Mathematics.  

5. PM CARES for Children

Objective: Support children who lost both parents due to COVID-19.

Features:

Financial support of ₹10 lakh upon reaching 23 years of age.

Free education and health insurance cover of ₹5 lakh.

Monthly stipend for daily needs.  

🏛️ State-Specific Schemes for Girl Child

1. Mukhyamantri Kanya Sumangala Yojana (Uttar Pradesh)

Objective: Provide financial assistance at various stages of a girl's life.

Features:

Financial aid from birth to graduation, totaling up to ₹15,000.

Eligibility includes families with an annual income up to ₹3 lakh.

Maximum of two girls per family can benefit.  

2. Ladli Scheme (Delhi & Haryana)

Objective: Enhance the social status of the girl child.

Features:

Financial incentives at birth and for education milestones.

Encourages registration of girl births and school enrollment.  

3. Bhagyashree Scheme (Karnataka)

Objective: Promote the birth and education of girl children in below poverty line (BPL) families.

Features:

Financial assistance for the girl child's education and health.

Encourages delayed marriage and continued education.  

4. Mazi Kanya Bhagyashree (Maharashtra)

Objective: Support the upbringing and education of girls in economically weaker sections.

Features:

Financial aid linked to the girl's education milestones.

Encourages families to educate and delay the marriage of their daughters.  

🏫 Education & Skill Development Initiatives

1. Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (KGBV)

Objective: Provide residential education to girls from disadvantaged communities.

Features:

Free boarding and education for girls from SC/ST/OBC and minority communities.

Focus on areas with low female literacy rates.  

2. Skill Development Training Programs

Objective: Empower girls with vocational skills for employment.

Features:

Training in trades like AI, cosmetology, fashion designing, and more.

Programs conducted in collaboration with state governments and the Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship.  

🛡️ Safety & Empowerment Initiatives

1. Mission Samadhan (Uttar Pradesh)

Objective: Empower girls through education and awareness.

Features:

Online sessions on self-reliance, cyber safety, and child protection.

Participation of over 80,000 students from Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalayas.  

2. Self-Defense Training Programs

Objective: Equip girls with self-defense skills.

Features:

Karate and martial arts training for girls in schools.

Part of initiatives like the Rani Laxmi Bai Training Scheme.