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About Soil

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🌍 What is Soil? Soil is the top layer of the Earth’s surface, made of minerals, organic matter, water, and air. It supports plant growth and is the base of agriculture, forests, and life on land. 🧩 Composition of Soil Soil is made up of four main parts: 1. Minerals (45%) – tiny particles from rocks (sand, silt, clay). 2. Organic Matter (5%) – decomposed plants, animals (humus). 3. Water (25%) – moisture that plants use. 4. Air (25%) – oxygen & carbon dioxide for roots and organisms. 🌱 Soil Types (based on texture) 1. Sandy Soil – Large particles, drains quickly, poor in nutrients. 2. Clay Soil – Very fine particles, sticky, holds water, rich in nutrients but poor drainage. 3. Silty Soil – Smooth, soft, retains water better than sand. 4. Loamy Soil – Best for farming; balanced sand, silt, clay, and humus. 5. Peaty Soil – Dark, rich in organic matter, acidic. 6. Chalky Soil – Alkaline, stony, drains well but poor for some crops. 🌏 Soil Layers (Soil Profile) 1. O Horizon – Top org...
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Major Lists of all operation conduct by India

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A. Military Operations - Operation Polo - Annexation of Hyderabad (1948) - Operation Vijay (1) - Annexation of Goa, Daman & Diu (1961) - Operation Cactus - Intervention in Maldives (1988) - Operation Pawan - IPKF in Sri Lanka (1987-1990) - Operation Blue Star - Golden Temple (1984) - Operation Meghdoot - Capture of Siachen (1984) - Operation Vijay (2) - Kargil War (1999) - Operation Parakram - Post Parliament attack (2001-2002) - Operation Brasstacks - Military exercise (1986-1987) - Operation Trident - Naval attack on Karachi (1971) - Operation Python - Follow-up to Trident (1971) - Operation Safed Sagar - IAF in Kargil (1999) - Operation Bandar - Balakot Airstrike (2019) - Operation Sunrise - Indo-Myanmar operation (2019) B. Evacuation & Humanitarian Operations - Operation Ganga - Evacuation from Ukraine (2022) - Operation Raahat - Evacuation from Yemen (2015) - Operation Maitri - Nepal earthquake relief (2015) - Operation Kaveri - Evacuation from Sudan (2023) - Operation Dos...
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Lists of some important university and college with there established dates..

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🏛️ Universities in Assam Central Universities Assam University, Silchar – Established in 1994 Tezpur University, Tezpur – Established in 1994 Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati – Established in 1994 All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Guwahati – Established in 2020  State Universities Gauhati University, Guwahati – Established in 1948 Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh – Established in 1965 Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat – Established in 1969 Assam Science and Technology University, Guwahati – Established in 2010 Assam Rajiv Gandhi University of Cooperative Management, Sibsagar – Established in 2010 Assam Women's University, Jorhat – Established in 2013 Assam Skill University, Mangaldai – Established in 2021 Cotton University, Guwahati – *Established in 2017 (originated as Cotton College in 1901)* Bodoland University, Kokrajhar – Established in 2009 Bhattadev University, Pathsala – Established in 2019 Kumar Bhaskar Varma Sanskrit and Ancient ...
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Lists of beels in Assam

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The term "beel" in Assam refers to a type of wetland or lake, typically formed in the floodplains of rivers. Assam has many such beels, which are ecologically significant and support a wide variety of flora and fauna, including migratory birds and fish species. Here is a list of notable beels in Assam: Major Beels of Assam 1. Deepor Beel – Near Guwahati, a Ramsar Wetland Site 2. Son Beel – One of the largest in Assam, located in Karimganj district 3. Chandubi Beel – Near the Assam-Meghalaya border, in Kamrup district 4. Sareswar Beel – In Barpeta district 5. Urpad Beel – In Goalpara district 6. Samaguri Beel (Pokhi Tirtha) – In Nagaon district 7. Morikalang Beel – In Morigaon district 8. Bordowa Beel – In Nagaon district 9. Kokilamukh Beel – In Jorhat district 10. Jengrai Beel – In Golaghat district 11. Maguri Beel – Near Dibru-Saikhowa National Park, Tinsukia 12. Dhir Beel – In Barpeta district 13. Hawai Beel – In Barpeta district 14. Pabha Beel – In Lakhimpur district 15. L...
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Temple's in Assam

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Assam is home to numerous temples that reflect its rich spiritual heritage and architectural diversity. Here are some notable temples across the state, along with details about their origins and significance: 🛕 Prominent Temples in Assam 1. Kamakhya Temple (Guwahati) Deity: Goddess Kamakhya (Shakti) Significance: One of the 51 Shakti Peethas, renowned for the Ambubachi Mela. Historical Note: While the exact date of origin is uncertain, the temple has been revered since ancient times and underwent significant renovations under the Koch and Ahom rulers. 2. Umananda Temple (Peacock Island, Guwahati) Deity: Lord Shiva Built by: Ahom King Gadadhar Singha in 1694 Unique Feature: Situated on the world's smallest inhabited river island, accessible via ferry across the Brahmaputra River. 3. Basistha Temple (Guwahati) Deity: Lord Shiva Built by: Ahom King Rajeswar Singha in 1764 Associated Legend: Linked to sage Vasistha, who is believed to have meditated in the area. 4. Sukreswar Temple (G...
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The Mahamaya Temple

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The Mahamaya Temple, also known as Mahamaya Dham, is one of the most revered Shakti Peethas in Assam, located in Bogribari, within the Kokrajhar district. Situated approximately 30–35 km east of Dhubri town and about 10 km west of Bilasipara, it stands as a significant spiritual site, second only to the Kamakhya Temple in terms of prominence among pilgrims in Lower Assam.   🛕 Historical and Cultural Significance Dedicated to Goddess Mahamaya, symbolizing the "supreme illusion," the temple's origins trace back to the late 16th century. Initially, the deity was venerated by local communities such as the Kacharis, Koches, and Naths. The goddess also served as the presiding deity for the Zamindar (landlord) of Parvatjowar. Over time, the worship of Mahamaya transcended these communities, gaining widespread acceptance among Hindus across the region.   A notable tradition associated with the temple is the 400-year-old practice of animal sacrifice, particularly during ...
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Schemes of Assam

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Assam has implemented a diverse range of government schemes targeting various sectors such as social welfare, education, healthcare, agriculture, and employment. Here's an overview of some notable state-run initiatives: --- 🏠 Social Welfare & Financial Assistance Orunodoi Scheme: Provides monthly financial assistance of ₹1,000 to economically disadvantaged women for essential needs like food, medicine, and electricity.   Arundhati Gold Scheme: Offers one tola (approximately 11.66 grams) of gold to brides from economically weaker sections during their marriage.   Swahid Kushal Konwar Sarbajanin Briddha Pension Achoni: A pension scheme providing financial support to senior citizens aged 60 and above.   Deen Dayal Divyangjan Pension Scheme: Grants a monthly pension of ₹1,000 to individuals with disabilities.   --- 🎓 Education & Youth Empowerment Abhinandan Education Loan Subsidy Scheme: Provides a one-time subsidy of ₹50,000 on education l...
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